{"id":1805,"date":"2017-07-12T13:43:37","date_gmt":"2017-07-12T18:43:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/?p=1805"},"modified":"2017-07-12T13:43:37","modified_gmt":"2017-07-12T18:43:37","slug":"drones-se-dirigent-seuls-gps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/drones-se-dirigent-seuls-gps","title":{"rendered":"Des drones qui se dirigent seuls, sans GPS!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>En juin dernier, la DARPA a finalis\u00e9 la premi\u00e8re phase de son programme FLA, pour Fast Lightweight Autonomy, qui a pour but de d\u00e9velopper des plateformes d&rsquo;UAV capables de se diriger sans intervention humaine ni\u00a0signal GPS. Les algorithmes d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s dans se programme permettront aux UAV, \u00e9quip\u00e9s de diff\u00e9rents types de capteurs, de naviguer \u00e0 grande vitesse dans des environnements pr\u00e9sentant un grand nombre d&rsquo;obstacles comme une for\u00eat ou l&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur d&rsquo;un b\u00e2timent. Cette technologie permettra une avanc\u00e9e spectaculaire dans l&rsquo;utilisation d&rsquo;UAV \u00e0 des fins militaires et civiles, comme pour la recherche et sauvetage.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Smart Quadcopters Find their Way without Human Help or GPS\" width=\"950\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/g1HqhCiNdQU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Ce programme a\u00a0vu le jour \u00e0 cause de la d\u00e9pendance des drones au signal GPS ou aux commandes du pilote. Puisque ces signaux sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement de faible puissance, ils peuvent facilement \u00eatre brouill\u00e9s ou stopp\u00e9s par des obstacles. Surtout lorsque le vol se d\u00e9roule \u00e0 l&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur ou sous terre.<\/p>\n<p>Pour\u00a0r\u00e9ussir \u00e0 naviguer sans intervention humaine et sans signal GPS, diff\u00e9rents types de capteurs ont \u00e9t\u00e9 mis \u00e0 l&rsquo;essai. Une plateforme \u00e9tait \u00e9quip\u00e9e de cam\u00e9ras st\u00e9r\u00e9oscopiques coupl\u00e9es \u00e0 une centrale inertielle qui permettaient de mesurer les distances par rapport aux obstacles. Une autre utilisait un syst\u00e8me LIDAR afin de savoir sa position en tout temps par rapport aux obstacles pour d\u00e9cider de la route la plus s\u00e9curitaire \u00e0 emprunter. \u00c0 la fin des quatre jours d&rsquo;essais, les algorithmes d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s pour ces capteurs ont permis aux drones autonomes d&rsquo;accomplir une mission compl\u00e8te. En sachant la position approximative de leur cible, les drones \u00e9taient capables de d\u00e9coller, de traverser une r\u00e9gion bois\u00e9e\u00a0puis un\u00a0tarmac tr\u00e8s brillant\u00a0\u00e0 cause de la lumi\u00e8re du Soleil refl\u00e9t\u00e9e par la surface pale, de trouver la porte d&rsquo;un hangar et d&rsquo;y entrer, de naviguer au travers d&rsquo;un labyrinthe simple en condition de faible luminosit\u00e9, trouver la cible, qui \u00e9tait un baril de produits chimiques, pour enfin revenir tout seul \u00e0 leur point de d\u00e9part.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"DARPA&#039;s Fast Lightweight Autonomy (FLA) Technology Explained\" width=\"950\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_UFabSMuz6w?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un pas de g\u00e9ant dans l&rsquo;avanc\u00e9e technologique des UAV autonomes puisque ces tests ont \u00e9t\u00e9 effectu\u00e9s avec des pi\u00e8ces d\u00e9j\u00e0 disponibles sur le march\u00e9. Effet, l&#8217;emphase de se programme est le d\u00e9veloppement d&rsquo;algorithmes rapides qui ne n\u00e9cessite pas une puissance de calcul sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle des t\u00e9l\u00e9phones intelligents. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 cette technologie, les drones de demain pourront entrer dans des immeubles en ruine \u00e0 cause d&rsquo;une catastrophe naturelle et rep\u00e9rer d&rsquo;\u00e9ventuelles victimes sans mettre la vie des secouristes en danger. Cette autonomie pourra aussi \u00eatre b\u00e9n\u00e9fique pour l&rsquo;acquisition de donn\u00e9es techniques puisque les appareils autonomes pourront faire le rep\u00e9rage et l&rsquo;inspection de point d&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eats dans plusieurs domaines comme l&rsquo;agriculture et l&rsquo;inspection de structure.<\/p>\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.darpa.mil\/news-events\/2017-06-28\" target=\"_blank\">DARPA<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En juin dernier, la DARPA a finalis\u00e9 la premi\u00e8re phase de son programme FLA, pour Fast Lightweight Autonomy, qui a pour but de d\u00e9velopper des plateformes d&rsquo;UAV capables de se &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/drones-se-dirigent-seuls-gps\" class=\"more-link\">Lire la suite de<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u00ab\u00a0Des drones qui se dirigent seuls, sans GPS!\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1808,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1805","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nouvelle"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/FLA1-banner.jpg",1256,462,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/FLA1-banner-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/FLA1-banner-300x110.jpg",300,110,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/FLA1-banner-768x282.jpg",768,282,true],"large":["https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/FLA1-banner-1024x377.jpg",950,350,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/FLA1-banner.jpg",1256,462,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/FLA1-banner.jpg",1256,462,false],"inspiro-featured-image":["https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/FLA1-banner.jpg",1256,462,false],"inspiro-loop":["https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/FLA1-banner-950x320.jpg",950,320,true],"inspiro-loop@2x":["https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/FLA1-banner.jpg",1256,462,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"etienne","author_link":"https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/author\/etienne"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"En juin dernier, la DARPA a finalis\u00e9 la premi\u00e8re phase de son programme FLA, pour Fast Lightweight Autonomy, qui a pour but de d\u00e9velopper des plateformes d&rsquo;UAV capables de se &hellip; Lire la suite de\u00ab\u00a0Des drones qui se dirigent seuls, sans GPS!\u00a0\u00bb","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1805","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1805"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1805\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1809,"href":"https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1805\/revisions\/1809"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1808"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1805"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1805"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spectralaviation.com\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1805"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}